There’s no such thing as a free hedgerow

10 July 2006

Farmers make a huge, hidden contribution to conserving England’s beautiful countryside, a new report reveals today (Monday). It estimates they carry out in excess of £400 million worth of landscape work a year beyond what they do within the framework of agri-environment schemes. [1]

Any changes in funding for agriculture must take account of these unrecognised costs.

The National Farmers’ Union [2] and countryside campaigners CPRE [3] have together produced a report which provides the first estimate of the cost of the work that England’s farmers and agricultural workers do in conserving and managing the country’s much loved and hugely valuable rural scenery.

The findings, set out in their Living Landscapes [4] report available today, aims to kick-start a debate about long-term support for farmers which recognises their leading role in looking after a diverse, beautiful and uplifting countryside for the benefit of us all.

CPRE and the NFU are today (Monday) publishing their report Living landscapes: hidden costs of managing the countryside, available from CPRE’s press office as a pdf by email. The report contains case studies of the conservation work individual farmers do. Their contact details are at the end of this news release, with a summary of the report’s findings.

Our survey measured landscape conservation work not covered by agri-environment schemes. It worked out at £2,410 per year for the average English farm. [5]

NFU President Peter Kendall said: ‘We need policy-makers and policy-influencers to understand that there is much, much more to being a farmer than being a least-cost producer of food.

‘If economics was everything, many of the things people loved about the countryside would be under threat in the name of efficient production. The fact that they remain is because farmers instinctively understand the wider cultural and environmental significance of what goes to make up our landscapes.’

CPRE Chief Executive Shaun Spiers said: ‘Amid all the talk of globalisation and increased competitiveness in agriculture, our farmers will need to be supported to look after our beautiful countryside. Great landscapes matter to us all – they contribute to our wellbeing, our personal and environmental health and our economy in all sorts of ways, including tourism.’

The research was based on a survey of farmers asking how many hours in an average year it took them to work on a list of features that contribute to the character of the landscape. An estimate of the cost of this time, based on contractor’s rates, was then calculated.

This survey was then followed up by interviewing in depth 27 of the farmers who had responded to the survey. The interviews examined and confirmed the findings, and also revealed that if farm support payments were abolished farming and conservation work would decline drastically – with devastating effects for the countryside. Land would either be abandoned or farmed ever more intensively.

A recent report by the Treasury and Defra [6] foresaw the ending of farm support payments – causing both the NFU and CPRE serious concern. Equally worrying, cuts to the EU’s rural development funds means that funding for agri-environment schemes could be reduced in the future – when instead they should be growing, given rising concerns about the environment and growing appreciation of the countryside. [7]

CPRE and the NFU are calling for:

• Government to match the money transferred from the Single Payment to agri-environment schemes throughout the period 2007 to 2013.
• A Government commitment to more research and analysis of the likely impacts of further CAP reform on farmers’ ability to continue looking after landscapes.
• A Government commitment to significantly increase support for landscape management in the long term.

Shaun Spiers concluded: ‘The Government must realise that there’s no such thing as a free hedgerow when it comes to farmers looking after the wider countryside. We need to make sure they can continue this crucial role, because if they don’t who will?‘

NOTES FOR EDITORS

1. The finding is based on a survey carried out in 2005, before the Single Payment Scheme (SPS) for farm support and the Entry Level Environmental Stewardship scheme (an agri-environment scheme) were introduced. In return for receiving payments under the SPS farmers must now comply with a number of requirements, including soil protection and basic maintenance requirements for a range of landscape features. This is known as cross compliance. Our joint research showed farmers are going well beyond this in looking after the countryside. A key aim of our survey was to acquire baseline data on landscape management before the new Entry Level Environmental Stewardship and SPS cross compliance requirements began to make an impact on farmers’ land management activities. Further research into the cost of managing landscape features is needed to assess the extent to which further changes to farm support payments would affect the headline figure derived from the survey.

2. The NFU is a trade association which promotes farming excellence and supports its members in profitable and sustainable businesses. It represents farmers and growers politically and publicly and provides valued services to members.

3. CPRE, the Campaign to Protect Rural England, is a charity which promotes the beauty, tranquillity and diversity of rural England. We advocate positive solutions for the long-term future of the countryside. Founded in 1926, we have 60,000 supporters and a branch in every county. President: Sir Max Hastings. Patron: Her Majesty The Queen.

4 Copies of Living Landscapes: hidden costs of managing the countryside will be available to the general public on both the NFU and CPRE websites: www.nfu.org.uk and www.cpre.org.uk respectively.

5. The analysis of the survey data was undertaken by the Centre for Agricultural Strategy at the University of Reading. The face-to-face interviews with farmers were conducted by P. Baker Consultancy in association with the University of Plymouth.

6. In December 2005 HM Treasury and the Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs published a document ‘A Vision for the Common Agricultural Policy’. It foresees that in 10 – 15 years time European agriculture should be ‘internationally competitive without reliance on subsidy or protection’ (paragraph 1.5).

7. In December 2005 the UK held the Presidency of the EU and oversaw the negotiations to agree a budget for the European Union from 2007 to 2013. The UK supported a cut to the part of the EU’s budget that pays for rural development programmes in member states. These programmes include agri-environment schemes. Estimates by the NFU suggest that from 2007 -13 the UK will be getting just £450m for rural development spending compared to the £748 million it received for 2000-06. Although farmers will be expected to make up the shortfall by transferring some of their Single Payment funding to rural development expenditure there is a risk that the new Environmental Stewardship Scheme and the expansion of the Higher Level scheme in particular will be restricted.

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