Alex Salmond has warned that Scotland could become a "nuclear dustbin".
The SNP leader was on Wednesday making his call for a "nuclear-free Scotland" the centrepiece of his election campaign.
He warned that nuclear power stations, nuclear waste and nuclear weapons put Scotland's natural environment at risk.
"Scotland's vital farming, fishing and tourism industries - which employ hundreds of thousands of people and depend on a clean, green environment - are in grave danger from the nuclear madness of Labour and the Tories," he said.
"Labour and the Tories both want to dump nuclear waste in Scotland. There are 470,000 cubic metres of nuclear waste waiting to be buried - and two thirds of the sites identified are in Scotland."
He also warned that the two largest Westminster parties "want to saddle us with more nuclear power stations".
Salmond said Scotland's energy needs should focus on renewable energy, with "vast offshore wind and wave potential".
"And Labour and the Tories both want to dump a new generation of nuclear weapons on the Clyde - wasting at least £20bn which could be spent on public services - and to continue testing radioactive shells in the Solway Firth," he said.
"This nuclear madness could be a disaster for our vital rural industries.
"The SNP is the only party which can make Scotland matter in this election and stop Labour or the Tories turning Scotland into a nuclear dustbin."
Salmond also published a letter from the Ministry of Defence confirming that four "essentially complete" depleted uranium shells have been found at the Kirkcudbright firing range.
One had been found on the foreshore and one was recovered by a local fisherman, said Salmond.
"If you thought depleted uranium was only a problem on the battlefields of Iraq, think again, depleted uranium is an issue here in Scotland," said the SNP leader.
"Of course, 'essentially complete' is a nice way of saying incomplete, and that means fragments from these shells – and the thousands of others fired into the sea - could remain in local waters and in the local environment.
"I want to know what action the Ministry of Defence has taken to trace particles and what action they plan to make sure no more military uranium finds its way onto this beautiful stretch of Scottish coast."
